X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) is a technique used in materials science to determine the crystallographic structure of a material. XRD works by irradiating a material with incident X-rays and then measuring the intensities and scattering angles of the X-rays that leave the material.
Manufacturer: Malvern Panalytical, Netherland
Technical Specification: X-ray safety :Less than 1 micro Sievert per hour, measured at 10 cm distance, determined with a Mo source @ 55- 60 kV, 45- 50 mA. Safety loops: XSAFE: one or two or better independent safety loops, monitoring the conditions under which the shutter can be opened. XSAFE is set up in such a way, that operation of the instrument with open doors and open shutters is not possible, even for maintenance engineers.
MSAFE : Best-in-class protection of users against unexpectedly moving parts by a double mechatronic safety interlock system. Water Chiller: Suitable Closed-Circuit Chilling Water System should be supplied to cool down the X-ray tube with following specification. Cooling water supply: 4 - 6 liters/min, pressure up to 6- 8 bar, temperature 15 to 35 °C > dew point Compressed air supply: House line, compressor or air bottle; 2-5 bar or better (0.2 - 0.5 MPa) or better Power supply: Single phase 180 - 253 V; 47 - 63 Hz Maximum power consumption: Should mention by bidders.
Goniometer Configuration: Configurations : Vertical goniometer, theta-theta and alpha-1 geometry Measuring circle diameter (radius) : 475- 480 mm (r 240 mm) (can be changed for specific applications) Goniometer angular range (w/out accessories) : 355- 360 degrees Maximum usable range (depending on accessories) :-111 < 2theta < 168 degrees
Angle positioning : DC motor drives with the next generation direct optical position sensing (DOPS2) using Heidenhain encoders and path tracking technology Smallest addressable increment : 0.0001 degree or better 2theta linearity over whole range : Equal or better than +/- 0.01 degree Maximum angular speed: 12- 15 degree/sec
X-ray Generation: X-ray generator : 4 kW (max 60kV, 100 mA) or better Tube voltage : 15 – 60 kV Tube current : 5 - 60 mA Anode materials : Cu/Co/Cr/Fe/Mo/Mn/Ag or more Focus size : 0.4 mm × 12 mm (LFF), 2 mm × 12 mm (BF) Line/point focus rotation: Standard feature Generator Output: Max output : 4 kW Output stability : ± 0.01% (for 10% power fluctuations) Max. Tube Voltage : 15-60 kV Voltage step width : 1 kV Current step width : 1 mA Overload limit setting : Setting changeable with tube type X-ray tube protection : Against under-voltage, over-voltage, overload, over-current and /or failure of water supply. Safety mechanisms : Door interlock mechanism, X-ray can be generated only after door is closed, emergency stop. Goniometer Type: Type : Vertical type Scanning Radius : 185 mm
Minimum step angle : 0.001 degree theta (ɵ), 0.002 degree (2ɵ) Angular Reproducibility : ±0.001> (2ɵ) Scanning angle range : -6º~163º (2ϴ), -180º~180º(ϴ) Scanning System : ɵ/2ɵ linkage mode, ɵ, 2ɵ independent mode Operation mood : Continuous and Step scan measurement, calibration, positioning and ɵ axis oscillation Scanning speed : (0.1 – 50) degree per min. (2ɵ) or (0.05 – 25) degree per min. (ɵ) Pre-FIX Optics: Divergent Slit: Programmable divergent slit module from 0.02-7.0 mm with 0.01 mm step Anti-Scattered